March marks the transition from the rainy season to the dry season in Brazil, particularly in the central and southern regions. The country spans multiple climate zones, so the weather can vary significantly depending on the region. Coastal cities typically experience warmer and more humid conditions, while the inland regions may still be affected by rain and thunderstorms. As Brazil is a vast country, the weather in March provides a mix of rain and sunshine, but overall, it is a pleasant time to visit, especially for those who want to avoid the more extreme heat of the summer months.
Average Temperatures in March
Daytime Temperatures
In March, Brazil experiences a range of temperatures due to its size and diverse geography, from the tropical climate of the Amazon region to the subtropical and temperate zones in the south.
- Coastal Areas (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Salvador): Coastal cities like Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo experience relatively warm temperatures in March. In Rio, daytime highs average between 28°C and 32°C (82°F to 89°F), while São Paulo has slightly cooler temperatures, with highs ranging from 25°C to 28°C (77°F to 82°F). Salvador, located further north, experiences similar warm conditions, with highs between 29°C and 31°C (84°F to 88°F).
- Inland Regions (Brasília, Belo Horizonte, Pantanal): The central and inland regions of Brazil, including cities like Brasília, Belo Horizonte, and the Pantanal, experience more variability in temperatures. Brasília, being at a higher elevation, has more moderate daytime temperatures, typically ranging from 26°C to 30°C (79°F to 86°F). The Pantanal, known for its wetlands and wildlife, tends to be hotter, with temperatures between 30°C and 35°C (86°F to 95°F) during the day.
- Northern Regions (Amazon): The Amazon region, including cities like Manaus, is typically very hot and humid in March. Daytime temperatures in the Amazon range between 30°C and 35°C (86°F to 95°F), with high humidity levels making it feel even hotter.
- Southern Regions (Porto Alegre, Curitiba): In the southern parts of Brazil, temperatures are generally milder compared to the tropical north. In Porto Alegre, daytime highs range from 23°C to 27°C (73°F to 81°F), while Curitiba, being at a higher elevation, experiences cooler temperatures of 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).
Nighttime Temperatures
Nighttime temperatures in Brazil during March can vary widely, especially between coastal and inland areas.
- Coastal Areas: In cities like Rio de Janeiro and Salvador, nighttime temperatures range from 22°C to 26°C (72°F to 79°F), making it quite warm at night, especially in the northern coastal regions.
- Inland Regions: In cities like Brasília and Belo Horizonte, nighttime temperatures are cooler, ranging from 17°C to 21°C (63°F to 70°F). In the Pantanal, the nights may cool slightly, with temperatures dropping to around 20°C to 23°C (68°F to 73°F).
- Northern Regions: In the Amazon, nighttime temperatures remain warm, ranging from 24°C to 27°C (75°F to 81°F), and the humidity level remains high.
- Southern Regions: The southern regions, such as Porto Alegre and Curitiba, experience cooler nights, with temperatures ranging from 16°C to 20°C (61°F to 68°F). In the higher elevations, nighttime temperatures may drop to as low as 15°C (59°F).
Average Temperature Table
| Year | Rio de Janeiro (Coastal) | São Paulo (Coastal) | Salvador (Coastal) | Brasília (Inland) | Pantanal (Inland) | Manaus (Northern) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 31°C / 24°C | 27°C / 19°C | 30°C / 24°C | 28°C / 19°C | 34°C / 23°C | 34°C / 24°C |
| 2016 | 30°C / 23°C | 26°C / 18°C | 29°C / 23°C | 27°C / 19°C | 33°C / 22°C | 35°C / 25°C |
| 2017 | 32°C / 25°C | 28°C / 20°C | 31°C / 24°C | 29°C / 20°C | 35°C / 24°C | 34°C / 23°C |
| 2018 | 30°C / 24°C | 26°C / 19°C | 29°C / 23°C | 28°C / 20°C | 33°C / 22°C | 33°C / 24°C |
| 2019 | 31°C / 25°C | 27°C / 21°C | 30°C / 24°C | 29°C / 20°C | 34°C / 23°C | 35°C / 25°C |
| 2020 | 30°C / 23°C | 26°C / 19°C | 29°C / 23°C | 28°C / 19°C | 33°C / 22°C | 34°C / 24°C |
| 2021 | 32°C / 25°C | 28°C / 21°C | 31°C / 24°C | 29°C / 21°C | 35°C / 24°C | 34°C / 23°C |
| 2022 | 31°C / 24°C | 27°C / 20°C | 30°C / 23°C | 28°C / 19°C | 34°C / 23°C | 34°C / 24°C |
| 2023 | 30°C / 24°C | 26°C / 19°C | 29°C / 23°C | 28°C / 20°C | 33°C / 22°C | 33°C / 24°C |
| 2024 | 31°C / 25°C | 27°C / 21°C | 30°C / 24°C | 29°C / 20°C | 34°C / 23°C | 34°C / 24°C |
Precipitation in March
Rainfall Patterns
March is typically one of the rainier months in Brazil, particularly in the central and northern regions. Rainfall in the coastal regions is moderate but still frequent, while inland areas see slightly less rain.
- Coastal Regions: Cities such as Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Salvador typically experience moderate rainfall in March, with precipitation levels ranging from 100mm to 150mm. The rains usually come in short, intense bursts, particularly in the late afternoon and evening.
- Inland Regions: Inland cities like Brasília and Belo Horizonte receive slightly less rainfall, with totals ranging from 80mm to 120mm. The rain is often sporadic and short-lived, but the humidity levels remain high.
- Northern Regions: The Amazon region, including Manaus, is typically the wettest part of Brazil in March. Rainfall levels in this area are quite high, ranging from 150mm to 250mm. The rains can be intense and frequent, with daily afternoon showers common.
- Southern Regions: In the south of Brazil, including cities like Porto Alegre and Curitiba, precipitation levels in March are moderate, ranging from 100mm to 120mm. Rain in this region is usually more spread out, with longer periods of dry weather in between.
Snowfall
Snowfall is rare in Brazil, especially in March, as the majority of the country lies in tropical and subtropical climates. The only areas where snowfall may occur are in the high-altitude regions of the southernmost states, such as in the mountains of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná. However, even in these areas, snow is a rare occurrence and generally does not fall in March.
Wind Patterns in March
March in Brazil is characterized by moderate to light winds, particularly in coastal and inland areas. Winds are typically more noticeable in the coastal regions, where the interaction between the ocean and the land creates a regular pattern of breezes.
- Coastal Regions: In cities like Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, wind speeds range from 15 km/h to 25 km/h (9 mph to 16 mph), with occasional gusts during storms. The winds help moderate the temperature and contribute to the humid conditions of the coastal areas.
- Inland Regions: Inland cities, including Brasília and Belo Horizonte, experience lighter winds, generally ranging from 10 km/h to 20 km/h (6 mph to 12 mph). These areas are less affected by the ocean’s cooling effects, and wind speeds tend to be lower.
- Northern Regions: In the Amazon, the wind is often gentle, with speeds ranging from 5 km/h to 15 km/h (3 mph to 9 mph). The high humidity levels make the wind feel more intense than it actually is.
Atmospheric Pressure in March
In March, atmospheric pressure in Brazil fluctuates as the rainy season peaks in certain regions. Low-pressure systems are common during this time, especially in the north and central parts of the country, where rainfall is more frequent. Coastal regions, on the other hand, tend to experience relatively stable atmospheric pressure with occasional shifts due to storm systems. High-pressure systems are generally associated with drier, clearer weather in the southern regions, and when these systems move through, they provide a temporary reprieve from the rain.
What to Consider When Traveling to Brazil in March
Travel Preparation
- Clothing: Due to the warmer temperatures and the chance of rain, lightweight, breathable clothing is essential for traveling in Brazil in March. A light jacket or sweater may be needed for the evenings, particularly in the south and inland regions. A waterproof jacket or umbrella is highly recommended for dealing with the frequent rain showers.
- Footwear: Comfortable, waterproof footwear is ideal, especially if you plan to explore cities, beaches, or nature reserves. If trekking or hiking in the rainforests, consider packing sturdy shoes suitable for muddy or wet terrain.
- Insect Protection: In the Amazon and other tropical areas, mosquito protection is important. Bring insect repellent and consider wearing long sleeves and pants to avoid bites.
Health and Safety
- Hydration: The humidity and heat in Brazil during March can lead to dehydration. Carry a water bottle and drink plenty of fluids, especially when engaging in outdoor activities.
- Vaccinations: Ensure that you have all necessary vaccinations before traveling to Brazil, including those for Hepatitis A and B, typhoid, and yellow fever. Malaria prophylaxis may also be required if traveling to the Amazon region.
- Sun Protection: Despite the possibility of rain, the sun can still be intense, especially in coastal and tropical regions. Be sure to apply sunscreen regularly and wear protective clothing and sunglasses.
Best Regions to Visit in March
- Rio de Janeiro: With its warm temperatures and moderate rain, Rio de Janeiro is a great destination in March. Explore the city’s famous beaches, such as Copacabana and Ipanema, or take a cable car up to Sugarloaf Mountain for stunning views.
- São Paulo and Cultural Sites: São Paulo offers a rich cultural scene, with numerous museums, galleries, and theaters. March is a great time to explore the city, as the weather is warm but not overwhelming.
- Pantanal: The Pantanal is a top wildlife destination in Brazil, particularly in March, when the rains make the ecosystem lush and vibrant. This is a fantastic time to visit for those interested in birdwatching, wildlife photography, and experiencing Brazil’s biodiversity.
Things to Do in Brazil in March
Outdoor Activities
- Beaches and Water Sports: With the warm temperatures, March is an excellent time to enjoy Brazil’s famous beaches, including those in Rio de Janeiro, Salvador, and Florianópolis. Enjoy swimming, surfing, and other water sports in the warm Atlantic waters.
- Rainforest Exploration: The Amazon is a must-see for adventure seekers. Take a guided tour of the rainforest, go river cruising, and explore the region’s incredible wildlife, including monkeys, birds, and other exotic animals.
- Hiking in National Parks: Brazil offers a wide range of national parks that are perfect for hiking in March. Explore the Tijuca Forest in Rio de Janeiro or the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park in Goiás for stunning landscapes and rich biodiversity.
Cultural and Historical Sites
- Explore Salvador: The historic city of Salvador offers a rich mix of Afro-Brazilian culture, colonial architecture, and beautiful beaches. In March, the weather is perfect for sightseeing, including visiting the Pelourinho historic center.
- Visit Iguazu Falls: Located on the border between Brazil and Argentina, Iguazu Falls is one of the most famous natural wonders of the world. March offers slightly lower crowds compared to peak season, making it a great time to experience the falls and the surrounding national parks.
- Tour Colonial Cities in the South: Cities like Ouro Preto and Paraty, with their colonial architecture and cobblestone streets, are perfect for history enthusiasts. In March, the weather allows for comfortable exploration of these beautiful, historic cities.
Festivals and Events
- Carnival (in early March): If your visit coincides with Carnival, Brazil offers one of the most vibrant and lively celebrations in the world. Although the official Carnival celebrations happen in February, some regions, such as Salvador and Rio de Janeiro, hold Carnival-related events into early March.
- Music and Arts Festivals: Cities like Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo host a variety of music and arts festivals in March, showcasing Brazil’s rich cultural heritage in music, dance, and theater.
- Food and Wine Festivals: Brazil’s culinary scene is another highlight in March, with food festivals offering local delicacies like feijoada, regional seafood, and Brazilian barbecue.